From Linear to Circular: Re-thinking Waste Management Policy model in Rivers State, Nigeria for Sustainable Economic Development

Authors:Adaona Frank IGWE & Matthew Dayi OGALI

Volume: 7 | Issue: 1 | Year: 2026

Abstract

Abstract Global and contemporary concerns on wastes have shifted from the linear path of waste disposal to a circular economy model, as a response to changes in policy needs to mitigate sustainable development challenges. This study examines the impact of the linear model and the lack of integration of circular economy (CE) principles in the solid waste management policies of Rivers State from 2007 to 2024. Grounded in the political ecology perspective, it employs a descriptive, cross-sectional survey and utilizes a qualitative case study methodology, drawing on both primary and secondary data sources. Primary data were collected through interviews with key individuals and the distribution of questionnaires. The research reveals that the persistent prevalence of the linear "collect-transport-dump" model perpetuates environmental degradation, poses public health risks, and contributes to economic stagnation. It assesses whether these policies have promoted the three pillars of sustainable development. We recommend that the Rivers State government should formulate a new waste policy, that will incorporate the circular economy model into waste management framework in the state. Compositing of organic wastes, separation of waste at source and establishment of one recycling plants per local government area by the government for economic gains.